HEV virus is a nonenveloped  RNA virus that is classified as the only member of the Hepeviridae family. . Hepatitis E infection is one of the most acute acute hepatitis diseases that has caused significant epidemics worldwide. The main route of transmission of HEV is fecal-oral, although the possibility of transmission through other routes for this virus has not been ruled out so far and in various texts its transmission through blood, sex, injection and from mother to baby has been reported. The virus also infects animals and has been transmitted from animal to human. Hepatitis E is one of the health problems in developing countries and it is the second leading cause of acute hepatitis after hepatitis B. Although mortality from the virus is relatively low, the mortality rate in pregnant women is reported to be 20%. Despite reports of high prevalence of hepatitis E in Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Central America, little demographic information is available on the epidemiology of the disease in Iran. This virus has not been reported in Ilam province

Keywords: HEV, Pegnant women, viral hepatitisT prevalence