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Nosocomial infections are defined according to the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) as local and systemic infections in which a person is hospitalized for reasons other than infection and within 48 to 72 hours of hospitalization or up to 6 weeks. They occur after surgery (1). These infections can be caused by any organism, however bacteria are responsible for 90% of infections. Staphylococcus aureus has been identified as a major human pathogen due to its ability to produce a wide range of toxins and adhesion factors. The potential of resistance of this bacterium against antimicrobial agents, especially methicillin MRSA and vancomycin VRSA may lead to its stability in the hospital and community (12). Today, in many countries, the control of nosocomial infections and the proper prescription of antibiotics are monitored, but unfortunately in Iran, accurate statistics on the prevalence of nosocomial infections are not available due to lack of proper reporting. In Ilam, due to the lack of an infection control committee, the mortality rate due to nosocomial infections is unknown. One of the reasons for these infections is the increasing microbial resistance due to the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and also the lack of correct and timely detection of bacteria causing the infection, which indicates the weakness and lack of laboratory facilities and knowledgeable microbiology staff. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of nosocomial infections and to identify common causative agents of infection in the surgical ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ilam and to determine drug resistance. Rapid diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin and vancomycin in order to correctly prescribe antibiotics. The purpose is to reduce drug resistance, improve patient safety and reduce the length of hospital stay, which in turn can be effective in standardizing hospitals in controlling nosocomial infections.
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Keywords: Nosocomial Infection, Staphylococcus aureus, drug resistant

     

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